• Subject questions with no auxiliary verb: Who broke the window? What happens at the end of the book?
• Questions with prepositions at the end: Who is your email from? What are you talking about?
• How come … ? expresses surprise. Notice that there is no inversion and no do/does/did: How come you got here before us?

• What and which are used with nouns to make questions: What size shoes do you take? Which of these curries is the hottest?
• Sometimes there is no difference between questions with what and which: What/Which is the biggest city in your country?
• We use which when we have a limited number of choices in mind.
• We use what when we aren't thinking of a limited number of choices.

• What is X like? means 'Give me some information about X because I don't know anything about it': What's your capital city like? What are your parents like?
• How is X? asks about a person's health and happiness: How's your mother these days?
• Sometimes both questions are possible. What … like? asks for objective information. How … ? asks for a more personal reaction.

There is no inversion and no do/does/did in indirect questions.

• The verb have has two negative forms in the present: I don't have / I haven't got any money. (But in the past only: I didn't have any money.)
• Infinitives and -ing forms can be negative: We decided not to do anything. I like not working. It suits me.
• Not can go in other parts of a sentence without a verb: Ask him, not me. Buy me anything, but not perfume.

• Negative questions can express various ideas: surprise (Haven't you finished school yet?), suggestion (Don't you think we should wait?), persuasion (Wouldn't it be better to go tomorrow?), criticism (Can't you see I'm busy?), exclamation (Isn't it a lovely day!)
• In the main use of negative questions, the speaker would normally expect a positive situation, and is therefore surprised.
• Negative questions can also be used to mean Confirm what I think is true. In this use they refer to a positive situation.
• In negative ideas with verbs such as think, believe, suppose, and imagine, we make the first verb negative, not the second: I don't think you're right. I don't suppose you want a game of tennis?
• In short answers, the following forms are possible: I think so. / I believe so. / I hope so. / I don't think so. / I hope not.